精油蒸留法&錬金術

以前、精油の歴史番外編でも書いたような気がするのですが、
芳香療法の歴史上、欠かせないものに「精油蒸留法」の発明がある。

パキスタンのタクシラ遺跡では、紀元前3000年前と思われる
素焼きの蒸留器が発見され、その当時にはすでに蒸留技術が
あったことを示している。

蒸留技術はギリシャやアラビアに伝えられ、アルコールの蒸留や
芳香蒸留水の製造が行われた。

精油の蒸留は、「錬金術」の中で発展し、17世紀のヨーロッパ
香料産業のなかで実用化に至った。

錬金術の歴史は、古代ギリシャのヘレニズム文化にその起源を
さかのぼると言われ、その後アラビア、ヨーロッパへと伝わった。

ヨーロッパ、アラビアに定着したキリスト教世界では、古代ギリシャ
を異端として排斥した歴史があり、

そのため錬金術も黒魔術的なものとして否定される傾向にあったが、
イスラム世界では肯定的に受け入れられ、大きく発展した。

錬金術は、科学以前の魔術的なものと誤解されて来たが、現代の「化学」
の前駆的な役割を果たしているという解釈に変わってきている。

===============================

化学(Chemistry)の語源 【一部抜粋】

・中世ヨーロッパ、で盛んに行われた錬金術(ラテン語:Alchemia)は
元来アラビア語の al-Kimya が12世紀にラテン語に翻訳されて
ヨーロッパ、に紹介されてから広まった。

・ヨーロッパ錬金術は、後に17世紀の科学革命を経て、アラビア語の
定冠詞 al が取れて、「化学」(ラテン語:Chimica、英語:Chemistry)
となった。

「歴史と文明」
第11回:アラビア化学と錬金術(慶応大学 野村亨先生)講義より

精油蒸留法&錬金術” に1件のフィードバックがあります

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